Long Valley Region Crustal Deformation Measurements

In addition to crustal deformation measurements, the USGS Long Valley Observatory monitors earthquakes, hydrologic conditions, gas discharge, and other geophysical conditions in the Long Valley Caldera region.

Plots of Current Data

For most instruments, measurements are made and sent to computers several times each hour. To see these data, choose among the following:

DISCLAIMER: The plots and data on this site are generated automatically and are not reviewed. They should not be used for engineering, legal, or any other critical applications.

Data for the Last 7 Days

• Plot Dilatational Strain Measurements
• Plot Tilt Measurements
• Plot Long Baseline Tilt Measurements
• Plot Magnetometer Measurements

Data for the Last 30 Days

• Plot Dilatational Strain Measurements
• 30 Day Tilt Measurements Unavailable
• Plot Long Baseline Tilt Measurements
• Plot Magnetometer Measurements

Long-Term Data

• Plot Dilatational Strain Measurements
• Long-Term Tilt Measurements Unavailable
• Plot Long Baseline Tilt Measurements
• Plot Magnetometer Measurements

Quick View of Data for all Regions

Complete List of Instruments for Long Valley

Instruments Located in Long Valley

Map of Instrument Locations

• Dilational Strainmeters

These instruments measure the volumetric stretching and squeezing of the ground near active faults. Over short time periods they can detect changes of 1-part-per-billion (1 inch in 16,000 miles).

 

• Magnetometers

Magnetometers measure absolute magnetic field to a precision of 0.2 nanoTesla. Differences between adjacent sites are computed to isolate local magnetic fields.

 

• Tiltmeters

Tiltmeters continuously monitor rotation or tilting in the ground near active faults by precisely measuring either the movement of a pendulum or fluid levels in connected reservoirs (rather like the ring in a bathtub) as the ground tilts. Measurements can easily be made to better than 1 part per billion.

 

• Geodesy

The location of many land survey markers located in active fault zones in the United States are measured using Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. These receivers are a high precision version of the small handheld receivers available today in electronics stores.The high precision version together with appropriate computer processing is capable of measuring the horizontal position of sites with an accuracy of a few millimeters (mm), and the vertical position with an accuracy of about 10 mm. Using GPS, relative motion of sites a few hundred kilometers apart can be determined to a precision of 1 part per 10 million, and relative motion of sites on opposite ends of the continent to a precision of 1 part per billion. The U.S. Naval Observatory maintains a site containing general information on the GPS system.

 

• Two Color EDM

The two-color EDM (Electronic Distance Meter) is an ultra-precise distance measuring instrument with a precision of 0.5 to 1.0 mm for ranges between 1 and 12 km. This instrument is used to measure crustal deformation along faults and near volcanoes. Currently, we use this instrument to monitor the deformation of the Long Valley Caldera east of Yosemite, and at Parkfield, California along the San Andreas fault. To take advantage of the instrument's high precision, these measurements are made frequently, typically several times each week. In addition, we make infrequent measurements of distances at other sites in California to measure strain accumulation within the San Andreas fault zone. The USGS also maintains a website displaying Long Valley Caldera two color EDM data.